As an ancient breed, the Alaskan Malamute has a long history of working and living in the unforgiving conditions of the icy tundra. Known for pulling back-breaking loads across the snow, this dog is considered the bodybuilder of the dog world. The Malamute’s long double-coat, distinct pattern, and wolf-like appearance reflect its heritage as a working breed. Furthermore, the breed’s gentle nature and loyal personality remind us why the Malamute is one of the world’s favorite family companions today.
These Dogs Come from (You Guessed it) Alaska
Around 3,000 B.C., the Malamute’s ancestors traveled over the Bering Strait and arrived in Northern Alaska. A nomadic tribe known as the Mahlemiuts quickly noticed the canines’ promise as both loyal companions and working animals.
The tribe bred the dogs and employed them to hunt seals, pull heavy loads, and provide protection from bears. But Malamutes’ lives were not all work and no play. The dogs also served as companions to Mahlemiut children and slept in the family home to provide warmth.
Travelers noted the relationship between the Mahlemiut people and their sled dogs, writing that the Mahlemiuts way of life would have been nearly impossible without the mighty strength and endurance of the Malamute.
Malamutes Once Faced Extinction
In the late 1800s, the breed was almost eradicated during the Klondike Gold Rush. Canadian prospectors struck gold in the Klondike River 50 miles east of the Alaskan border in 1896. News of the good fortune drew nearly 30,000 gold-seekers in just two years. Prospectors quickly learned that heavy-weight Alaskan sled dogs were the best animals to haul supplies in the region, and the demand for Malamutes greatly increased. Native sled dogs were bred with other canines to meet the high demand, reducing the number of pure Malamutes significantly.
World War II dealt another blow to the Alaskan Malamute. The United States volunteered many purebred Malamutes for service as they could withstand the bitter cold of the European winters. These strong-willed dogs used their superior sense of smell to sniff out mines and helped in search-and-rescue missions. Unfortunately, losses from the war overwhelmed the breed. Only 30 registered Malamutes were left by 1947.
Out of Alaska and into the AKC
Fortunately for the breed, the Mahlemiut people had remained isolated in the coastal region near Kotzebue Sound, and their Malamutes’ lines survived the Gold Rush. The Kotzebue line of Malamutes were eventually bred and popularized by Eva “Short” Steely. Her tireless work led the American Kennel Club (AKC) to formally recognize the Alaskan Malamute in 1935.
In response to the devastating losses from inter-breeding and World War II, the AKC opened the studbook to include the Hinman and M’Loot lines. This decision resulted in the first Malamute to combine all three strains, Toro of Bras Coupe, and saved the breed. Today, the Alaskan Malamute shares genes and characteristics from each line.
The Modern Malamute: Beloved Family Dogs
No longer used primarily as working dogs, today’s Alaskan Malamutes equally enjoy exercise and companionship. Their characteristics and personality set them apart from other breeds.
Malamutes can live in apartments, but these athletic dogs require an active lifestyle. Most Malamutes are 23 to 25 inches tall and weigh 75 to 85 pounds. Their signature plumed tails, small erect ears, and distinct markings distinguish them from other sled dogs. Their broad shoulders, muscular build, and dense waterproof coats make them perfect companions for pulling sleds, hiking, and more.
Don’t be deceived by their strength; these loyal canines are also known for their warm, brown almond-shaped eyes and loving nature. Much like their ancestors, today’s Malamutes enjoy cuddling up with their humans when the workday is finished. Some are even known to sleep in.
Although the Alaskan Malamute is domesticated, seasoned breeders know this breed is still a little wild. Malamutes are pack dogs and need a strong leader who knows how to command a group. These pups take longer than others to outgrow their puppy phase and will become destructive when bored. Still, Malamutes make outstanding family members with caring and consistent training.
Unlike their sociable relative, the Siberian Husky, Alaskan Malamutes can be a little aloof. Don’t be surprised if you catch your canine ignoring other dogs at the park. Malamutes would rather explore on their own than wrestle and run with strangers. Similarly, Malamutes are less stubborn than their other cousin, the Samoyed. Although Malamutes may let out a long “Woooo” in protest, they typically like to make their owners happy and will concede when treats are involved.
Malamutes enjoy a variety of foods. They are known to crunch on carrots, bell peppers, and other vegetables. These goliaths’ diets need to include ample protein, fat, and fish oils to protect their unique coats and hip joints. If living in warmer climates, they also need access to lots of fresh water and cooled spaces.
From the Arctic to your home, the Alaskan Malamute has evolved into an affectionate family-friendly breed with a lot of love and life to offer. If given the chance, this breed will be the best friend you’ve ever had.
