The Norwegian Elkhound is a hardy, medium-sized spitz-type breed with a rich history dating back thousands of years. These dogs are known for their courage, loyalty, and versatility. Keep reading to discover why this ancient breed has earned a respectable reputation as a skilled hunter, guardian, and companion in Norway.
1. These Dogs Are from Norway
The Norwegian Elkhound’s origins can be traced back to ancient times, with some experts believing the breed may have existed as early as 5000 BC. These dogs were the right-hand pups for Viking settlers, serving as guardians, herders, hunters, and protective companions. They are called “Norsk elghund” in Norway, which translates to “Norwegian moose dog.” While these canines were bred to primarily hunt moose and elk, they are versatile hunters that also track and hunt large game such as bears and wolves.
These wolf-like dogs were respected so highly that their remains have been found buried next to their Viking masters. These pups were worthy of an honorable funeral, and their hunting abilities during their lives have led to countless stories in Norse history. Despite their presence in Norway for thousands of years, the breed was not recognized until several millennia later, and the first recorded pedigrees date to 1865.
2. These Are Medium Spitz-Breed Dogs
This is a sturdy, squarely built breed with a spitz-like appearance. Males typically stand about 20.5 inches tall at the shoulders and weigh about 51 pounds, while females are slightly smaller at 19.5 inches and 44 pounds. Upon first glance, these dogs are almost wolf-like in appearance with broad, wedge-shaped heads, dark brown eyes, and high-set, pointed ears that contribute to their alert appearance. But one look at that tightly curled tail, and you’ll be reminded that you’re face-to-face with a spitz-type dog.
Its fur has an ashy tone, and the breed standard states that combinations of silver, black, and gray are acceptable colors. The Norwegian Elkhound’s double coat is thick and weather-resistant to provide insulation against Norway’s harsh, cold winter conditions. The outer coat is coarse and straight, whereas the undercoat is soft and dense, keeping the pup warm throughout its outdoor adventures.
3. These Double-Coated Dogs Need Regular Grooming
As a double-coated breed, the Norwegian Elkhound needs regular brushing to maintain its coat. They shed moderately year-round, so regular brushing two to three times a week helps remove loose hair and distribute natural oils on their body. The frequency increases when they experience heavier shedding periods twice a year. It is recommended to groom them with a back-brushing technique, brushing in the opposite direction of how the fur lies, for the most effective loose fur removal.
Luckily, Norwegian Elkhounds don’t have a dog smell and only require baths a few times a year, as overwashing can strip the coat of its moisturizing oils. In addition, their nails should be trimmed regularly, and their teeth should be brushed frequently to preserve a pearly white smile.
4. These Dogs Are Bold, Energetic, and Loyal
Norwegian Elkhounds are known for their bold, energetic, and loyal nature. They are affectionate and devoted to their families, often forming strong bonds with their owners. These pups also get along moderately well with young children and other dogs, but it’s best to supervise their interactions. While they are friendly with their family, Norwegian Elkhounds are protective watchdogs and love to bark, meaning they can be reserved with strangers. However, with gradual introductions, they can warm up to new faces.
These dogs are also known for their strong independent streak, a trait that likely benefited them during their original hunting roles. This aloofness might seem like stubbornness, but it’s an important part of their personality. Lastly, Norwegian Elkhounds are intelligent and possess strong problem-solving abilities, traits that made them valuable hunting companions.
5. These Dogs Have a Distinct Hunting Style
One of the most distinctive traits of the Norwegian Elkhound is its hunting style. When it tracks large game like moose or elk, this breed works on its own, using loud barks to hold the prey in sight and alerting the hunter to their location. This barking tendency remains strong in modern Elkhounds, making them excellent watchdogs. However, this can pose challenges in noise-sensitive environments.
Some other fun facts include:
- The American Kennel Club ranks this breed as a two out of five on the drooling scale.
- Norwegian Elkhounds are very adaptable to changes in their schedule, environment, and noise levels.
- These pups are not picky eaters, and they may beg you for a piece of your dinner.
- This breed was first recognized by the AKC in 1913, and the Norwegian Elkhound Association of America was established in 1930.
6. Norwegian Elkhounds Need Plenty of Exercise
Norwegian Elkhounds are high-energy dogs that require plenty of daily exercise to maintain their physical and mental well-being. They thrive on activities that challenge both their body and mind, reflecting their heritage as working dogs. A minimum of one hour of vigorous exercise per day is recommended, but many pups will happily accept more playtime.
These dogs enjoy participating in various canine sports, including agility, herding, and tracking. They are also excellent companions for outdoor activities such as hiking and skijoring or sledding in colder climates. Thanks to their insulated, water-resistant coat, many Norwegian Elkhounds also enjoy swimming and aquatic play. Regular exercise keeps them physically fit and helps prevent behavioral issues that arise from boredom.
7. Training Can Prove Challenging
Training a Norwegian Elkhound can be both rewarding and challenging. Their intelligence and problem-solving skills make them quick learners, but their independence can sometimes lead to doing things on their own time or simply not cooperating due to boredom. However, positive reinforcement methods with praise and rewards can make for more successful sessions.
Even if not all Norwegian Elkhounds will become star athletes, all pups should receive some form of early socialization and basic obedience training. Starting early can help manage their potentially problematic traits, including their strong prey drive and excessive barking habits. Consistency and patience are the most valuable tools when training these dogs, as well as varying the types of activities and tasks.
8. Like Most Dogs, There Are Health Concerns
This is generally a healthy breed with a life expectancy of 12 to 15 years. However, they are prone to certain health issues and conditions, such as:
- Hip dysplasia
- Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA)
- Hypothyroidism
- Sebaceous cysts
The Norwegian Elkhound Association of America (NEAA) specifically advises breeders to have their dogs’ hips examined beginning at six months and again at 24 months. Beginning at age two, the NEAA also recommends yearly eye exams to detect any ocular issues including progressive retinal atrophy. Some of these health risks can be reduced with regular veterinary check-ups, a balanced diet, and proper exercise. Responsible breeders will also perform genetic testing, which reduces the incidence of the offspring inheriting a medical condition.
9. Elkhounds Aren’t That Popular Outside of Norway
Although they are a beloved breed in Norway, Norwegian Elkhounds have a moderate level of popularity in other parts of the world. In the United States, they typically rank in the middle range of the American Kennel Club’s (AKC registrations, reflecting a dedicated but not massive following. In 2023, these pups landed on spot No. 115 out of 200 on the AKC’s list of most popular breeds.
Their unique combination of charming good looks, loyalty, and versatility appeals to many dog enthusiasts, especially those who appreciate Nordic breeds. However, their exercise and grooming demands and barking habits may make them less appealing to those who live in smaller spaces, those who have allergies or do not like excess amounts of shedded fur, or those who prefer quieter pets.
10. There Are Other Dogs Like Elkhounds
Norway is home to other distinctive breeds, including the Norwegian Elkhound’s close relative, the Black Norwegian Elkhound. The differences between these breeds comes down to more than just the latter’s midnight-black fur color.
Black Norwegian Elkhounds are also slightly smaller than their silver-gray companions and are a few inches shorter and a few pounds lighter. The black variety was developed in the 19th century and was officially recognized as its own breed in the 1920s. These pups are considered rare in Norway and are even more uncommon outside of their home country; therefore, they are not recognized by many international kennel clubs.
Other native Norwegian breeds include:
- Norwegian Buhund: A smaller spitz-type breed, known for its herding abilities and friendly nature.
- Norwegian Lundehund: A unique breed with six toes on each foot, originally bred for puffin hunting on steep cliffs.
- Hygen Hound: A scenthound breed used for hunting hare and fox.
- Halden Hound: Another scenthound breed, known for its excellent nose and stamina in hunting.
11. These Dogs Make Great Pets
This breed has a long, Nordic history. It appeals to owners because of its charm, loyalty, and versatility as a multipurpose working dog. Their wolf-like appearance, combined with their smarts and energy, makes them an ideal pet for those who can meet their exercise and training needs. Despite not being as widely known as other breeds, Norwegian Elkhounds reward their pet parents with friendliness, confidence, and dependability.
