Imagine your favorite, fluffiest teddy bear merged with a Pomeranian to form the ultimate, cuddliest dog you’ve ever seen. That only partially captures the experience of seeing a Keeshond for the first time. This small but mighty breed hails from the Netherlands and has much more to offer than being cute as a button. Keep reading to learn about its relevance to Dutch culture and politics, the best grooming practices, and more!
1. They Were Called “Dutch Barge Dogs”
The Keeshond’s story begins in the Netherlands, where it has been a beloved companion and working dog for centuries. They were originally known as the “Dutch Barge Dog” because they were frequently seen on barges traveling on canals and rivers. Their role was multifaceted – they served as watchdogs, vermin hunters, and playful companions for the families living and working on these vessels.
The breed’s name and significance can be traced back to the late 18th century, during a period of political unrest in the Netherlands. The Keeshond became the symbol of the Patriot faction, a group opposing the House of Orange. When the House of Orange returned to power, the Keeshond’s popularity decreased, and the breed nearly disappeared. However, in the late 19th century, the breed experienced a revival. It was developed in England from breeds from both the Netherlands and Germany. This resurgence led to the breed’s official recognition by various kennel clubs in the early 20th century.
2. The Breed’s Name Combines Two Words
Two words make up this breed’s name: “Kees” and “hond.” While there is some debate about what the first part refers to, it is commonly believed that “Kees” was a nickname for Cornelis de Gyselaer, a leader of the Dutch Patriot’s Party. The word “hond” is Dutch for dog. Together, they can mean Kees’ dog, which is even more amusing considering de Gyselaer had a pup named Kees. This dog was quite literally Kees’ dog.
These adorably small canines have earned themselves the affectionate nickname of “Smiling Dutchman” because of the massive grins that appear when they stick out their tongues in joy. Another fun fact is that the plural form of “Keeshond” follows Dutch verb rules and becomes “Keeshonden.” English-speaking countries and registries have adopted this plural form when speaking or writing about more than one Keeshond.
3. These Medium-Sized Dogs Have an Iconic Look
This is a medium-sized breed that weighs between 35 to 45 pounds and stands about 17-19 inches at the shoulder, with females landing on the smaller side of those ranges. They have well-muscled, compact bodies with plumed tails that curl tightly over their backs. Their feet are small, round, and cat-like, allowing them to make nimble movements.
Keeshonden have a distinctive fox-like face and a thick, plush double coat, which aligns with their categorization as a spitz breed. The spitz label applies to dogs that share key physical features such as stocky bodies, curly tails, thick coats, and fox-like faces. Keeshonden have one notable feature that makes them stand out from other spitz: their spectacles. These markings and shadings surround their eyes, giving them an expressive, almost human-like appearance and making it look like they are wearing glasses.
4. Keeshonden Come in Many Colors and Patterns
Most of the Keeshonden furball meets teddy appearance is attributed to its coat. These pups have thick, soft undercoats and long, straight, harsh outer coats that give their bodies extra volume. The breed standard favors fur patterns with varying shades of black and gray, including:
- Black & Silver
- Gray & Black
- Gray Cream & Black
- Gray Silver & Black
- Silver & Black
- Wolfgray & Black
However, other shades such as Tawny & White have been recorded. The Keeshonden undercoat is typically pale gray or cream, with a black-tipped outer coat that gives the dogs their shaded appearance. Male Keeshonden typically have a more prominent mane around their neck and chest that adds to their regal appearance. To keep the luxurious coat looking and feeling beautiful, it must be brushed several times a week and daily during the spring and fall shedding seasons.
5. Keeshonden Must Be Groomed Regularly
Aside from keeping the Keeshonden fur free from mats and tangles with frequent brushings, there are a few other grooming considerations. Unless they are a show dog, they don’t need weekly or even monthly shower time if they are not excessively dirty or smelly. Owners can get away with giving them a cozy bubble bath every 4 to 6 weeks.
They also require routine:
- Nail trimming: Nail trimmings when a dog’s claws reach the ground are essential to prevent discomfort and potential issues with walking.
- Ear cleaning: Checking Keeshonden’s ears after outdoor playtime and cleaning them regularly can reduce the likelihood of infections.
- Teeth brushing: Like all dogs, Keeshonden need regular teeth brushing to maintain good oral health.
While Keeshonden are moderately demanding when it comes to their grooming needs, owners can take advantage of the process to create a bonding experience with their fur babies.
6. Keeshonden Need Daily Exercise to Thrive
Despite their history as barge dogs, Keeshonden can adapt to different living conditions, including smaller spaces like apartments, as long as they receive enough exercise. They are moderate to highly active dogs that enjoy daily walks, playtime, and mental stimulation. It is recommended that Keeshonden receive 30-to-60-minute walks or play time in a securely fenced yard each day. This breed also enjoys indoor or outdoor interactive games and toys that will keep their minds engaged and alert.
7. These Dogs Are Known for Their High Trainability
Don’t underestimate these dogs. They are highly trainable thanks to their intelligence, eagerness to please, and quick learning abilities. The American Kennel Club (AKC) ranks them a 5 out of 5 on the trainability scale, meaning they love making their owners happy during practice sessions. The breed excels in obedience and agility competitions, with several Keeshonden earning high national rankings. Additionally, some pups have successfully become trained as therapy dogs to provide mental and emotional support for their owners and communities.
Some tips for effective training include:
- Beginning training between 10-14 weeks old.
- Using positive reinforcement techniques.
- Keeping training sessions short and engaging to prevent boredom.
- Starting socialization early to ensure a well-rounded adult dog.
- Adding mentally stimulating exercises to keep their minds active.
8. Keeshonden Have Some Health Concerns
Like all purebred dogs, Keeshonden may develop certain genetic health issues. Ideally, ethical breeders select healthy dogs to minimize these risks, but even then, these dogs can develop hip dysplasia, patellar luxation, and eye problems. Hip dysplasia is a genetic condition where the hip joint’s “ball and socket” are misaligned and become partially or completely dislocated. This causes pain and discomfort for the pup and may lead to joint deterioration or canine arthritis if left untreated.
Keeshonden are also prone to patellar luxation, a problem common in many small and medium-sized breeds where the kneecap slips out of place. In the early stages, it may be tolerable but more severe cases increase the likelihood of experiencing knee injuries and limited, painful mobility.
Lastly, another inherited condition to look out for is primary lens luxation. This occurs when the eye lens becomes dislocated, potentially leading to irritated or damaged nerve endings and partial or complete blindness. DNA tests, regular vet visits, and a healthy lifestyle can detect these conditions early on and help ensure a long, happy life for Keeshonden.
9. Keeshonden Are Mildly Popular
While not as common as the Australian Shepherd or Boxer, the Keeshond is moderately popular in the United States. The breed ranked 89th out of 200 on the American Kennel Club’s list of most popular dogs in 2023. This places them in the middle range because they are not extremely rare, but not common, either. However, their moderate popularity can be considered an advantage. It means that finding a Keeshond puppy might take more time and patience, but the breed hasn’t suffered from the overbreeding issues that may affect other popular breeds.
Thankfully, the breed still has a solid following in its home country, The Netherlands. Based on an unofficial survey conducted by the website Woof Blankets in 2023, Keeshonden ranked as the 6th most popular Dutch dog.
10. There Are Endless Facts About These Dogs!
Here are some other things to know about these double-coated dogs:
- The Keeshond’s role as a symbol of the Dutch Patriot faction in the 18th century makes it one of the few dog breeds with a significant political history.
- Their history as barge dogs is reflected in the modern Keeshonden’s love of water and excellent swimming abilities.
- Although native-English speakers pronounce the name as “keesh-hond,” the correct Dutch pronunciation is closer to “kayz-hawnd.”
- Today, Keeshonden are primarily companion dogs, but they have been used for various jobs throughout history, including as watchdogs, ratters, and herding dogs.
The Keeshond is a fascinating breed that’s come a long way since their origin as Dutch barges. In addition to their rich historical background, they are adored for their distinctive appearance, friendly temperament, and eagerness to please their owners during training sessions. Whether one is captivated by their fox-like faces, their obedience and agility capabilities, or their reputation as loving family dogs, the Keeshond offers a unique and rewarding pet ownership experience.
