The Belgian Malinois (pronounced “mal-in-wa”) is an intelligent breed hailing from its namesake country, Belgium. An athletic canine with a feisty streak and a strong work ethic, the Malinois is a true character to behold. Read on to learn more about this energetic dog!
1. This Breed Is From, Well, Belgium
True to its name, the Belgian Malinois can trace its roots in the rural countryside of Belgium sometime during the late 19th century, developed around the city of Malines.
Along with a group of other dogs (which we’ll elaborate on shortly), the Belgian Malinois was bred as a herding dog by cattlemen and shepherds who needed a canine that could excel in herding cattle, sheep, and other farmyard animals. Malinois breeders strived more for performance and ability instead of appearance and conformation, instead focusing on creating a dog hardwired for performance.
The first dogs were brought into the United States around 1911, and this breed thrived until World War II, which stopped the importation of more European canines for breeding purposes. The population declined until dedicated Malinois enthusiasts worked on breeding efforts in the 1960s, and this breed has since made a comeback. The American Kennel Club (AKC) recognized the Belgian Malinois in 1959. As this breed is very popular in various lines of work in the modern day, it’s safe to say that the Belgian Malinois won’t be disappearing anytime soon.
2. They Belong to the “Belgian Shepherd” Group
The Belgian Malinois belongs to a collective group of dogs known as the Belgian Shepherds. All dogs in this group are closely related, and some fanciers recognize them as a singular breed. These dogs are the Belgian Malinois itself, the Groenendael, the Tervuren, and the Laekenois.
Each Belgian Shepherd descends from a different part of Belgium and has differing physical characteristics; for instance, the Laekenois sports a very wiry coat and a fawn coloration (this form is the rarest of the four shepherds). The Groenendael has a longer fur coat and is all black, while the Tervuren has a coloration like that of the Malinois, yet also retains the same long hair as the Groenendael’s.
The AKC recognizes each variety as a separate breed, as they’re all bred to help assist out on the farm as both herding and guard dogs. Though some say that each variety of Belgian Shepherd has their own sets of quirks, all are breeds that are highly alert, intelligent, and full of energy. The Malinois is said to be the most high-energy dog of the group!
3. These Dogs Were Bred for Working!
The Belgian Malinois is not a dog that sits around at home all day; this canine was bred as a working animal first and foremost. As noted, the Belgian Malinois was first bred to herd livestock out in the pastures and fields. While these bold dogs are highly excitable, the Malinois also is known for its fierce loyalty and is very people-oriented. This companionship makes them an ideal partner for training and work purposes, while also allowing them to live indoors with their owners. This breed has also been used to guard property, including homes and farms.
While originally a farm dog, the versatility of the Belgian Malinois’s physical capabilities makes them a suitable canine for many other lines of work, including most notably for law enforcement and military duties. During World War I, the Belgian Malinois was used as both a messenger dog and a draft animal for pulling machine guns. This breed has gained popularity in many police departments to both apprehend criminals and detect bombs or drugs. Various military branches, including the United States Armed Forces and Secret Service, frequently use the Malinois for various operations.
4. The Belgian Malinois Is Generally Healthy
Generally, the Belgian Malinois is a relatively healthy breed that doesn’t experience many breed-specific health conditions––although it is prone to elbow and hip dysplasia. Dysplasia occurs when your dog’s joints don’t grow properly and cause discomfort. This can usually be handled through a management plan created by a trusted veterinarian, though serious cases may require surgical intervention. Epilepsy and hypothyroidism are other health problems that Belgian Shepherds may experience.
Rage syndrome is a very complex health disorder that causes affected dogs to suddenly become unusually aggressive for no apparent reason, and this has been seen in the Belgian Malinois. This is a very dangerous condition as not only does it put your dog in danger, but also the people and other animals around them. The root cause of rage syndrome is rather unclear, but genetic and neurological issues are noted to be important factors. It is important to know that even bouts of behavioral aggression issues may be misdiagnosed for rage syndrome.
As with all other dogs, it is highly recommended to have your dog examined by your veterinarian annually to address any early signs of illness before they worsen.
5. These Dogs LOVE Exercise
You must know one thing about the Belgian Malinois: this dog NEEDS to exercise. You cannot simply take this dog out for a walk around the block and call it a day. No, letting them run around in a yard isn’t enough, either. This athletic and intelligent canine needs to be enriched both physically and mentally. As with all dogs, a bored dog is a destructive one, and this rule of thumb especially applies to the Belgian Malinois.
Long runs, hikes and bike rides are one method of exercise a Belgian Malinois thrives on, though this dog must always be kept on a leash due to its high prey drive. This dog may go after small animals, children, or even a passing vehicle, all with possibly horrible consequences! The quality time spent is great for a Malinois as not only does it allow them to lose all that steam, but it also lets them spend some quality time with you.
The Belgian Malinois is a born athlete and performs exceptionally well at various sporting competitions, such as agility, tracking, and herding. Herding is especially a fantastic sport as it allows this canine to exercise its natural instincts.
6. Grooming These Shorthaired Dogs Is a Breeze
Thanks to its short fur, the coat of a Belgian Malinois is very easy to maintain. Either a bristle brush, a hound glove, or even a rubber grooming mitt can suffice with the occasional brushing. This breed blows coat twice a year, however, and during this time brushing can be done more frequently to remove any excess hairs out of its coat.
The Malinois, like other dog breeds, needs to have its ears cleaned frequently to prevent infection. Its nails should also be trimmed every few weeks to ensure that they don’t become overgrown or cause discomfort. Tooth brushing is also crucial to maintaining your dog’s dental hygiene, as the Belgian Malinois is susceptible to dental disease. While dental chews are enjoyed as a treat, they should not be used as substitutes for actual tooth brushing.
7. Belgian Malinois Are Suited for Experienced Owners
The wonderful Belgian Malinois is an inner athlete with a strong work ethic; however, only the most experienced dog owners should keep a Malinois. There is a reason why some Belgian Malinois enthusiasts nickname them the “land piranha” with true endearment! Both socialization and obedience training must begin early during their puppyhood. Training this dog requires a lot of engagement, persistence, and patience. The Malinois needs a truly devoted owner who can spend hours both physically and mentally stimulating this high-energy dog every single day.
Living in a family household setting for the Belgian Malinois may not be recommended for some. This breed does not tolerate rowdy children, and both children and other pets should NEVER be left unattended to their regards. Children should be well-behaved and taught to act appropriately around dogs, and the Malinois is no exception to the rule. This canine’s high prey drive may also make them risky to have around cats and other small animals kept as pets, including even other dogs.
The Belgian Malinois is not a dog you can leave by itself for many hours on end. Apartment and/or condo living is also a no-go with the Belgian Malinois. Do not even consider bringing a Belgian Malinois home if you feel you cannot satisfy your dog’s needs. Sadly, many Malinois are often surrendered or dumped as many people do not consider the expertise and energy it takes to raise this breed. Always source your dog from a reputable breeder or a rescue group, especially with a Malinois.
For an owner who is highly knowledgeable about the Belgian Malinois and has lots of spare time to commit their livelihoods to their dog, this canine can make a very loyal and amazing partner for years to come.
