Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is a health condition found in certain breeds with short muzzles and flat faces. This ailment can obstruct dogs’ airways, making it hard for them to breathe well.
In this post, we will explain what BOAS is, its symptoms, and the breeds at risk. Let’s take a look at everything you need to know about dogs dealing with BOAS!
BOAS Affects How Certain Breeds Breathe
BOAS is a respiratory disorder caused by the unique anatomy of brachycephalic breeds. It is characterized by structural abnormalities in the upper airway caused by an elongated and thickened soft palate, small or collapsed nostrils, and other factors. Not only can these traits make it challenging for some dogs to breathe, but they affect how a dog cools itself.
Some common symptoms of BOAS include:
- Raspy breathing
- Excessive snoring
- Difficulty breathing, especially when excited or during physical activity
- Gagging, retching, or vomiting, particularly after eating or drinking
- Cyanosis, which is a bluish discoloration of the gums or tongue due to oxygen deprivation
- Exercise intolerance (a reluctance to engage in physical activity)
- Excessive panting
It’s critical for dog owners to be aware of these symptoms and seek veterinary attention if they think their pet is suffering from BOAS. Early recognition and treatment can help dogs live long, healthy lives.
Breeds That Are Prone to BOAS
There are several breeds that are prone to BOAS due to their brachycephalic facial structure. Some commonly affected breeds include:
Bulldogs
Bulldogs are very well-known for their wrinkled faces and pushed-in noses. While some think this is cute, it makes them highly susceptible to BOAS. Narrowed nostrils and an elongated soft palate can have a big impact on their ability to breathe.
Pugs
Pugs have short, smushed faces and are another breed that often deals with BOAS. Their short noses and small, compact skulls make them prone to stenotic nares (narrow nostrils) and respiratory distress.
French Bulldogs
French Bulldogs, known for their expressive faces and pointy ears, often suffer from BOAS because of the features that they are actually well-loved for! Their flat noses and narrow nostrils impede airflow and cause breathing difficulties.
Boston Terriers
Like the other pets on this list, these dogs can develop BOAS due to their brachycephalic facial structure. Hypoplastic trachea, narrowed nostrils, and elongated soft palates are common in this breed.
Boxers
While Boxers have a much more modest appearance compared to other brachycephalic dogs, they are still prone to BOAS. Their broad skulls and shortened muzzles can lead to many difficulties with breathing.
This isn’t to say that flat-faced dogs don’t make great pets. These dogs are popular for a reason! If you’re looking to adopt a dog prone to BOAS, ensure you adopt from a reputable breeder. A professional will understand how to breed brachycephalic dogs that don’t develop BOAS. The same cannot be said for backyard breeders who prioritize profit over dogs’ health and well-being.
Treatment Options for Dogs with BOAS
Treatment for BOAS will depend on the condition’s severity. Most of the time, it may include both non-invasive and surgical interventions. In milder cases, there are some strategies that include weight management, avoiding hot weather, and using harnesses instead of collars for walking.
In more severe cases, surgical correction of the abnormalities may be necessary. This can help improve airflow and alleviate respiratory distress. These procedures can include widening a dog’s nostrils or widening the trachea to allow for unobstructed airflow.
If you’re worried about your dog’s health, speak to your vet. They can point you in the right direction and help you get your pup back in tip-top shape.
How Vets Diagnose BOAS
BOAS requires a very specific and careful diagnosis by veterinarians. When diagnosing it, vets will perform a very thorough examination focusing on respiratory signs like noisy breathing, exercise intolerance, and snoring. They may ask questions about whether you’ve noticed any unusual changes, such as shortened stamina while walking.
During the examination itself, your vet will observe breathing patterns, listen for abnormal sounds, and assess the dog’s airway. They may even opt to use tools, like X-rays or endoscopies, to visualize the airway clearly and get answers quicker.
X-rays, in particular, can reveal structural abnormalities, such as a narrowed trachea or an elongated soft palate. An endoscopy, on the other hand, allows a true visualization of the throat and airway. It can confirm the presence and the true severity of the issue at hand.
Keeping Your Dog with BOAS Comfortable
When it comes to BOAS, sometimes keeping your dog comfortable is all you can do. To keep your brachycephalic dog as comfortable as possible, avoid strenuous activities, especially in hot or humid weather, as this can make breathing difficulties worse. Give your dog lots of fresh water and lots of cool shade when outside.
Some other considerations:
- If you have a high-energy dog, you may opt for walks in the early morning and late afternoon. This is when the sun isn’t as hot, and it reduces the risk of your dog overheating. Keeping your dog active can manage their weight and minimize breathing difficulties.
- You may also purchase a cooling vest or cooling mat to help your dog regulate their temperature.
- Avoid using collars and choose a harness instead. This can reduce the risk of airway obstruction.
BOAS is a very significant health concern for brachycephalic breeds, but with proper veterinary care and management, affected dogs can live happy, healthy, and comfortable lives!
