To start, some clarification is needed: technically, neither the “American” nor “Arabian” greyhound varieties exist. In this article, the term ‘American Greyhound’ is used to differentiate the greyhound as a breed from the Sloughi, nicknamed the Arabian Greyhound.
It’s easy to see why the Sloughi was colloquially lumped into the same breed. The Greyhound and Sloughi share physical characteristics, personality traits, health issues, and even origins. However, there are some distinct differences between the two that justify the Sloughi’s categorization as a sighthound, but not a greyhound.
Physical Appearance
Both breeds are similar in terms of body structure, although the American breed typically runs slightly larger. The Sloughi averages 24 to 29 inches in height and between 40 and 65 pounds in weight. In comparison, the American Greyhound averages 27 to 30 inches in height and between 65 and 70 pounds in weight.
The minor differences continue in the body composition of each breed. Both remain incredibly lean and share the characteristic deep chests and slim back ends. However, the American Greyhound appears slightly leaner in the face and hips, despite having a larger body mass on average. The Arabian Greyhound, in comparison, is typically more balanced and has a less drastic chest slope. Both breeds have smooth coats that moderately shed but require minimal brushing or upkeep.
Their aerodynamic bodies contribute to their physical abilities, as well. Both breeds were designed for coursing and high-speed pursuit. The Greyhound can reach up to 45 miles an hour over short distances, although it cannot retain this top speed beyond one minute, on average. The Sloughi is similarly fast, although it does not reach the speeds of the typical Greyhound.
Origins and Background
The Greyhound is believed to have originated in Europe roughly 5,000 years ago before spreading to other countries, according to the American Kennel Club (AKC). The Sloughi appears to have been popular in Egypt and there are several depictions, including hieroglyphics, that seem to represent the Sloughi. However, the depictions of Sloughi could be reliably credited to other breeds with similar characteristics.
Regardless of the Sloughi’s arguable presence in Egypt, their specific origins are unconfirmed. To the extent that they can be historically traced, the Sloughi are believed to be one of the few dog breeds originally from North Africa. Interestingly, their official breed name ‘sloughi’ is likely an African pronunciation of the Arabic word ‘saluki,’ which refers to a different Arabian sighthound with similar characteristics. This linguistic past, combined with the breed’s presence in the Middle East, is what led to the nickname “Arabian Greyhound.”
Personality and Energy
Both breeds are affectionate with family and close friends, although they are often hesitant around strangers. For this reason, Greyhounds specifically are often cited as one of the best therapy dog breeds. Similarly, both breeds are typically tolerant of young children and other dogs. The Greyhound reportedly tolerates other dogs slightly better. Despite this, the Greyhound also tends to be more protective than the Arabian variant and is more prone to alert barking. As such, slow and repeated introductions to new dogs and children are recommended for both breeds for the best results.
Within the home, greyhounds are generally very cautious and careful of their physical presence. They are not clumsy and remain a keen understanding of their surroundings. Despite this, they are high energy breeds that require regular exercise. The greyhound is often credited as being one of (if not the) fastest dog breeds in the world.
Though the Sloughi is marginally more playful, both breeds are known for their love of running. Greyhounds, specifically, were used for dog racing. In fact, adopting ex-greyhound racers was common prior to the sport’s cessation. They appreciate opportunities to run unimpeded at their top speeds for short distances, such as in dog parks or large yards. This is the recommended form of primary exercise, although daily walks will also suffice.
Another form of exercise for greyhounds involves mental stimulation. Games that trigger their coursing instincts are recommended, as are puzzle toys. Owners should try to either have a rotation of games and toys available or save them for special occasions. Both the American Greyhound and Sloughi become bored easily; combined with their intelligence, they can quickly become uninterested in games and toys that make frequent appearances.
Training Habits
Both greyhound breeds were developed primarily for coursework, which involves tracking prey by sight rather than scent. Because of these origins, Greyhounds and Sloughis tend to be more independent and less willing to take direction. They are intelligent, however, and can learn a wide variety of tasks and tricks if an owner is patient enough. But keep in mind, they have a high prey drive that can be difficult to train out, regardless of how well they excel in other obedience areas.
When training either breed of greyhound, consistency, firm boundaries, and positive reinforcement are all important. There are many myths about positive reinforcement training, but it continues to be the most evidence-based, credible training form. Training sessions should also be kept short, since American Greyhounds and Sloughis can become bored due to repetition, as noted in earlier sections. The same goes for treats: although the dogs may have favorites, owners should have a variety of healthy snacks available to entice both breeds to continue training.
Health Concerns
One of the interesting facts about the Sloughi is that it is a generally healthy breed. By far, the Greyhound tends to suffer from more health concerns, although this may be impacted by the Greyhound’s more prolific breeding and possible poor breeding habits. Regardless, both breeds share a significant amount of health issues. To help prevent some of these issues, both breeds should have annual vet exams (at minimum) and have their teeth and ears cleaned weekly.
Both breeds have deep chests and are therefore at risk of bloat and gastric torsion. Both breeds are also at risk of neurologic diseases: Greyhound Polyneuropathy for Greyhounds and Cervical Vertebral Instability for Sloughis, also known as Cervical Stenosis or Wobbler Syndrome. Additionally, both breeds are often prone to allergies, ear infections, and dental issues, including gum disease and tooth decay.
In terms of eyes, Greyhounds are more prone to Pannus (also known as Chronic Superficial Keratitis), which affects the cornea. In contract, Sloughis are more prone to Progressive Retinal Atrophy, which affects the retina. Greyhounds also tend to be more prone to cancer, primarily Osteosarcoma and Hemangiosarcoma.
