The Azawakh (pronounced “Az-a-walk”) has a well-documented history, unlike some other ancient breeds with murky pasts. As a result, the Azawakh’s most curious and noteworthy characteristics are known among fans. These include its rare standing as an African sighthound and its demeanor, physical characteristics, origins, and care. Despite its commonalities with other sighthounds, the Azawakh as a breed remains singular.
1. The Azawakh is One of Few African Sighthounds
There are several dog breeds that originate from Africa, but sighthounds are in much shorter supply. Depending on the organization, there are only two or four dogs that are recognized as African sighthounds. According to the American Kennel Club, there are three breeds that fall into this category: Sloughis, Salukis, and Azawakhs.
Interestingly, the Fêdération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) only recognizes two African sighthound breeds: the Azawakh and the Sloughi, although known as the Arabian Greyhound. The FCI is the largest international federation of national kennel clubs (including purebred registries). Notably, the AKC is not a member of the FCI. (Note: Despite often being credited to Egypt, the Pharaoh Hound’s origins trace back to Malta.)
2. There are No Color or Marking Disqualifications
The Azawakh is already one of the most unique dog breeds, but it is made even more distinct for its wide variety of colors and color combinations. The most common colors include but are not limited to red, fawn, white, black, brown, cream, gray, sandy, and even “blue.” Patterns that frequently appear include parti-colored, brindle, piebald, grizzle, and even the black mask marking pattern. But unlike other breeds, there are no breed standard colors or patterns—the Azawakh is so diverse that all colors and patterns are acceptable.
Even so, there are specific colors and patterns that are more common than others. For example, they often have white marks covering their lower front or back legs, referred to as “stockings.” It is also not unusual for the breed to have a “hood” of one color covering their face and neck, typically black.
3. The Azawakh was Bred to Chase Prey in the Desert
The Azawakh originates in the Africa and is named for its geographic birthplace, the Azawakh Valley. The Azawakh Valley is situated across northwestern Niger, northeastern Mali, and southern Algeria. This breed was initially developed by Tuareg nomads for use as hunting dogs. They are adept at crossing rough, arid environments and tracking down game such as gazelle, hare, antelope, and even wild boar. This history is often what garners the Azawakh the title of one of the most unusual dog breeds.
Historically, this breed was ideally suited for and heavily used in the south Sahara and Sahel zone. It is incredibly lean to the extent that most bone structures and musculature can be clearly seen, almost as if the Azawakh’s skin is stretched out. The breed’s structure is aerodynamic, just like the Greyhound, and it is able to absorb shock that would otherwise impede running. Its short coat (notoriously low maintenance) also helps the Azawakh maintain a stable temperature.
4. The Azawakh Prefers an Exercise Companion
The Azawakh is a generally independent dog, but also very loyal. This breed is fond of family members and friends, although it may not be overly affectionate. Strangers and new dogs tend to be treated with aloofness. But despite their reserved demeanor, the Azawakh prefers to have a companion when exercising. Alternatively, a second dog (of the same or a similarly high-energy breed) can provide regular companionship and exercise.
This means that owners should be prepared to participate in the daily exercise their dog will need, whether this involves several daily walks or play sessions. Keep in mind, as a sighthound, the Azawakh does appreciate the opportunity to stretch its legs and reach its top running speeds unimpeded. Interestingly, despite being able to reach upwards of 30 mph, the Azawakh is not often credited as one of the fastest dog breeds.
Their lack of clinginess as a modern pet is especially interesting given their history. The Tuareg nomads would treat the Azawakh as a member of the family and the dogs were given a special appreciation and consideration due to their value. While the breed’s use as a hunting dog has lessened, they remain a favored companion for many people.
5. The Azawakh Requires Almost No Maintenance
As with most sighthounds, the Azawakh has a short and smooth coat that requires minimal maintenance. Although it does shed, the shedding is nominal compared to other breeds. A brief brushing once per week can cut down natural shedding even more, in addition to getting rid of any dust or debris.
This breed is also not prone to odor and is extremely neat, which means that owners won’t have to worry about baths often. In fact, some owners have even reported being able to brush off dried mud instead of bathing their dogs. Despite this, baths should still be given as needed, with special attention paid to using skin-sensitive grooming products.
The Azawakh’s coat notwithstanding, this breed does need its nails trimmed regularly. Overly long nails can damage the dog’s paws and disrupt its gait. As a preventative care routine, owners should also clean their ears and brush the teeth at least on a weekly basis. This breed is not overly prone to health issues, but an annual vet checkup will ensure your dog remains in top shape.
